Dr. John Ogrodniczuk, Psychologist, Vancouver, BC

Studies show that exercise may help reduce symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Exercise releases powerful chemicals such as endorphins and serotonin, which improve mood and feelings of well-being. It can lower cortisol (also called the “stress hormone”) levels and support nerve cell growth in the hippocampus, a region of the brain that helps regulate mood.

Research shows that eating a diet rich in fresh vegetables and fruits, whole grains and healthy fats may reduce symptoms of depression. A diet high in red meat, sugar and fried foods has been associated with an increased risk of depression.

Though many symptoms of depression are the same in men and women, there are some differences. For example, men with depression are more likely than women to engage in risk-taking behaviors and drink or take drugs excessively.

Studies have found that a disproportionate number of patients with mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression are obese compared to the general population. This may be due to a negative self-image, the social stigma of being obese and physical inactivity.

CBT is a type of psychotherapy that is commonly used to treat depression. It focuses on modifying thought patterns to help patients change moods and behaviors.